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Research Containing: Tilt test

Orthostatic Intolerance After ISS and Space Shuttle Missions

by cfynanon 22 August 2016in Biology & Biotechnology No comment

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular deconditioning apparently progresses with flight duration, resulting in a greater incidence of orthostatic intolerance following long-duration missions. Therefore, we anticipated that the proportion of astronauts who could not complete an orthostatic tilt test (OTT) would be higher on landing day and the number of days to recover greater after International Space Station (ISS) than after Space Shuttle missions. METHODS: There were 20 ISS and 65 Shuttle astronauts who participated in 10-min 80 degrees head-up tilt tests 10 d before launch, on landing day (R+0), and 3 d after landing (R+3). Fisher’s Exact Test was used to compare the ability of ISS and Shuttle astronauts to complete the OTT. Cox regression was used to identify cardiovascular parameters associated with OTT completion and mixed model analysis was used to compare the change and recovery rates between groups. RESULTS: The proportion of astronauts who completed the OTT on R+0 (2 of 6) was less in ISS than in Shuttle astronauts (52 of 65). On R+3, 13 of 15 and 19 of 19 of the ISS and Shuttle astronauts, respectively, completed the OTT. An index comprised of stroke volume and diastolic blood pressure provided a good prediction of OTT completion and was altered by spaceflight similarly for both astronaut groups, but recovery was slower in ISS than in Shuttle astronauts. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of ISS astronauts who could not complete the OTT on R+0 was greater and the recovery rate slower after ISS compared to Shuttle missions. Thus, mission planners and crew surgeons should anticipate the need to tailor scheduled activities and level of medical support to accommodate protracted recovery after long-duration microgravity exposures.

Related URLs:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26630196

Heart rate variability during centrifugation in astronauts prior to and after long duration spaceflight: Preliminary data

by cfynanon 9 June 2015in Biology & Biotechnology No comment

Spaceflight is known to induce vestibular and cardiovascular deconditioning. The current ESA SPIN project conducts research on vestibular and cardiovascular deconditioning after long duration spaceflight. Hereto, vestibular function and cardiovascular parameters are evaluated during centrifugation and during a tilt test in astronauts prior to and after spaceflight. The experiments are conducted using the ‘Visual and Vestibular Investigation System’. During rotation, cardiovascular and breathing parameters are recorded by means of the ‘Lifeshirt® system’ (Vivonoetics). The current analysis focuses on the cardio-respiratory response during 2 consecutive centrifugation runs, a counter clockwise (CCW) and a clockwise (CW). The RR-interval recorded postflight during the second CW rotation decreased significantly compared to the preflight data. No significant effects were observed on the parameters (amplitude, marker of vagal activity, and phase) of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). However, the time of respiration and the amplitude of the RSA were correlated. Our preliminary results suggest a postflight recovery problem of the sympathetic nervous system after activation and show that the respiration has a large influence on the RSA amplitude.

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